Manually operable speed control for machine tools or the like



y 1954 c. w. BERTHIEZ 2,677,284

MANUALLY OPERABLE SPEED CONTROL FOR MACHINE TOOLS OR THE LIKE Original Filed April, 7, 1948 11 Shets-Sheet 1 E TOR ag ri s Widi am Ber-11.. ez

ATTORNEY May 4, 1954 c. w. BERTHIEZ 2,677

MANUALLY OPERABLE SPEED CONTROL FOR MACHINE TOOLS OR THE LIKE Original Filed April 7, 1948 ll Sheets-Sheet 2 I 00000000 00000000 {99 00000000 00000000 00000000 oooooooo oooooooo INVENTOI? Charles Wi/Iia Berflu er. Y

A T TO RMEY 11 Sheets-Sheet 5 C. W. BERTHIEZ May 4, 1954 MANUALLY OPERABLE SPEED CONTROL FOR MACHINE TOOLS OR THE LIKE Original Filed April 7, 1948 l N VEN T0 R V CB ar l :5 William Bcrfluez ATTORNEY May 4, 1954 c. w. BERTHIEZ MANUALLY OPERABLE SPEED CONTROL FOR MACHINE TOOLS OR THE LIKE l1 Sheets-Sheet 4 Original Filed April 7, 1948 ATTORNEY y 4, 1954 c. w. BERTHIEZ 2,677,284

MANUALLY OPERABLE SPEED CONTROL FOR MACHINE TOOLS OR THE LIKE Original Filed April '7, 1948 ll Shets-Sheet 5 INVENTOR Charles William Berfhlez ATTORNEY May 4, 1954 c. w. BERTHIEZ MANUALLY OPERABLE SPEED CONTROL FOR MACHINE TOOLS OR THE LIKE ll Sheets-Sheet 6 Original Filed April '7, 1948 mvam T'orz C I'IQY'ICS Will! in Bevfliez ATTORNEY May 4, 1954 c. w. BERTHIEZ MANUALLY OPERABLE. SPEED CONTROL FOR MACHINE TOOLS OR THE LIKE 11 Sheets-Sheet '7 Original Filed April 7, 1948 mmum go umm ATTORNEY INVENTOK Chi r/es WIY/IJMBEH'ZML Y 4;.

May 4, 1954 c. w. .BERTHIEZ 2,677,

MANUALLY OPERABLE SPEED CONTROL FOR MACHINE TOOLS OR THE LIKE Original Filed April '7, 1948 ll Sheets-Sheet 8 INVENTOR bar-[es William Berfluq i wy ATTORNEY y 4, 1954 c. w. BERTHIEZ 2,677,284

MANUALLY OPERABLE SPEED CONTROL FOR MACHINE TOOLS OR THE LIKE Original Filed April 7, 1948 ll Sheets-Sheet 9 25 690 5Z9 693 5a. 70 l mvE/v for? Charles M/lY/lam Ber-Marl ATTORNEY May 4, 1954 MANUALLY OPERABLE SPEED CONTROL FOR MACHINE TOOLS OR THE LIKE Original Filed April 7, 1948 C. W. BERTHIEZ 11 Sheets-Sheet 10 ,S' R UA/CLAMPl/V omscqalv or MOVEMENT #075 322,332, 722 CLAMP/1V6 INVEN'TOR C '1 air I es William Berfluez AT TOR/VEY May 4, 1954 c. w. BERTHIEZ MANUALLY OPERABLE SPEED CONTROL FOR MACHINE TOOLS OR THE LIKE ll Sheets-Sheet 11 Original Filed April 7, 1948 7. J I 5 030 it 74.5 g

w H3 MH 3 v I N VENTO R C h a r! e5 Willis MBeFf/UG'Z 5 :4

' ATTORNEY Patented May 4, 1954 MANUALLY OPERABLE SPEED CONTROL FOR MACHINE TOOLS OR THE LIKE Charles William Berthiez, Paris, France Original application April 7, 1948, Serial No. this application January 19,454. Divided and 26, 1950, Serial No. 140

Claims priority, application France October 22, 1945 7 Claims. (Cl. 74471) 'For this purpose electric control circuits have been utilized provided with relays controlled by contacts actuated by push buttons or other devices located at the station for ener izin or deenergizing the relays, these relays beingeffective to initiate and to control the energizatiori and speed of a suitable motor connected to the meniber to be moved for eilecting the desired movement thereof. More recently it has been proposed in connection with the operation of machine tools to mount the control push buttons on a control box or control panel suitably supported for movement about the machine to be operated so that the operator of the machine may carry out the controls from a position more conveniently located with respect to the member of the machine to be moved and the function which it performs than is possible when a control box or panel is located in fixed relation to the machine at a given station. Such portable control boxes or panels of the prior art may have the advantage of convenience in carrying out the control operation and of makin possible closer inspection of the operation to insure greater accuracy of the machine operation and less physical fatigue of the operator in not being required to move frequently about the machine, especially in th operation of large machine tools or the like, and other advanta'ges. Nevertheless, with the control devices heretofore proposed, by virtue of the fact that the large number of push buttons and other elements required to be actuated by the operator have been assembled in close relation in order to limit the size of the control panel or box, careful attention to the control panel is required, whether it be on a portable box or one stationary at a given station, in order that the operator may know what buttons or other elements are to be or have been actuated and, therefore, What members of the machine are to be controlled or are conditioned for control and for movement thereof. Such careful attention to the panel or box and the control elements carried thereby to distinguish with certainty one element from the other detracts from the attention required-to be given to the machine itself, the member thereof to be moved, the tool carried by such a movable member and the work piece upon which it is desired that such tool shall operate. Moreover, in the devices of the prior art where a substantial number of members of the machine are required to be moved each in a plurality of directions, as in a machine tool, the number of the control elements required to be operated has been so large that the number of selections to be made complicates seriously the operations necessary to carry out the control and increases greatly the attention required of the operator for this purpose.

It is an object of the invention to provide the control box with manual means for controlling the speed of movement of the member of the machine which has been selected for movement and for varying this speed at will throughout the range of speeds available for driving the selected member. Automatic means for controlling the speed of movement of the selected member of the machine are also associated with said manual means and interlocking means are also provided for preventing the operation of the automatic control above referred to when controlling the movement of. the movable member of the machine from the control box by means of this control device for securing variations of the speed at will.

Other objects and features of the invention will appear from the following description taken in connection with the drawings which show one embodiment of a control system including a control box. Moreover, certain structural features of the control boxes which constitute improvements upon the prior art devices will be understood from the description to be given in connection with these drawings in which:

Fig. '1 is a front view of a movable control box according to one embodiment of the invention;

Figs. 2 and 3 are side elevation views of the movable control box shown in Fig. 1;

Fig. 4 is a diagrammatic representation of one embodiment of a manual control device for controlling the movement of a movable member of a machine;

Fig. 5 is an external view in elevation of the manual control device shown in Fig. 4 with certain parts broken away and other parts shown in section;

Fig. 6 is a section on line VI-VI of Fig. 5;

Figs. 7, 8, 9, 10 and 11 inclusive taken together show a wiring diagram corresponding to the embodiment of the invention shown in Figs. 1 to 13 inclusive;

Fig; 12 in the left hand part is a section on line XIIXII of Fig. 2 and in the right-hand part is a section on line XIL-XII of Fig. 3;

Fig 13 is a horizontal section on line XIIIXIII;in Fig. .12 with certain parts omitted.

I will now describe one embodiment of my invention as illustrated in Figs. 1 to 13. The device shown in these figures is constituted by an improved pendant control box w -hichlcanbeused in connection with a machine tool such as a boring and milling machine as depicted on the front face thereof as shown in Fig. -1. However, the improved control box of this embodiment may be used in connection with other types of machines.

The pendant control shown in elevation in Figs. 1 to 3 comprises a box 499, preferably .3 light metal alloy casting.

On the front of the box a panel or plate 150,!) is supported on which is engraved a pictorial r e ntatio t e orin and m lin c in n car y n t o m mbe se qt r smsnt .59 n M r ct vel fo au m ti ope ation and for manual or trigger operation for c ctinsth memb Q them n hemsw and four direction selector. elements :5 B 6, 55111 5 0 8,

abl member th b n v e n po t d a the same level as the respective direction .selec tors and being provided w th a lu en i s which are il umi ated by l mps 3.4. 3 2 3 when the co es ondin movab m mbers with he dep t on o whic t irectiq s le o associated is filarr ped. .Control lever v,52!) as shown i Rigs. l, 2 ,and 13 projects through an arcuate portion of the wall 52l of the box for se cti th pe of h movable mem e cir e mac in se ect bymeans of the automatic operation selector element 565. This arcuate wall provides a grid having vertical ,notches intersecting horizontal slot ,for starting and stop in th ove e t o ci 'mclnbe and f determining the speeds thereof and fondetermining the quick return movement. Two speed indicators 2,98 and its for indicating the enc sement and wo kin s ee p t vely re carried o h po table contro bosn h w o t e M3 43 on thc iisli ha d thereof a viewed E s- .1 a ran d .nea the bottom the manual ;-oper ,.e element .510

r of a control device for ,progres siyely adjusting the speed of .the movable member selected by means of the manual or trigger operation selector elementt Ill and for starting and i stopping thelmovement of such member.

:"All ethe level of the indicator-2B9 at this right hand side a knob I II for controlling the working speed is carried on-the shaft extension of rthe drum of indicator 2G9 and. the transmitter "-206. Atthe left hand side of 3the'bog {43,92 lrra-nged-at-the level of the indicator 2,18 ,3. lgnob l ed o th sha t extensio o the-dr mi-ll ns ma h idl 5 mou te .i the c ds cq indicator 298 and transmitter M3 for controlling the engagement speed.

Adjacent the bottom on this left side face a lighting dcvice156 and its switch '5] are-arranged which allows the operator to light up the area where the tool is working.

I will now describe the different elements car- .riedby the box!!! which are: associated with or cooperate with-panel 500, control lever 520 and more particularly manually o erable element 510.

flhepanel ,500 shows as a pictorial representationof the principal members of a boring and These members are respec tively the bed 5M on which a table 9 may slide either-forward or reversely in the directions corresponding to the arrows fl and f2, the frame rows f and f en l e th tool-. e r inss in- Th wor p e t b m ch n d is s cu t the t bl On the part of the pictorial representation illustrating the table '9 is-located the direction e q wit h 5% th arro -sh ed handl o wh h m as um tw pc i pns nam l th position illlustrated in the drawing when it in s t t ir c i n P the er ",1? and th diametrically opposed position pointing to the i e i n i thee- 1 .fl- .Tl ehanql p thi ch maybe i ns and .maieteinss i either of these two positions by any conventional arrangement.

ilar y n t e a t Pictoria r plicsentation illustrating theheadstbcl; d the direction selector or switch 5 118 theanowshaped handle of which may also assume two positions, that illustrated in theorawing corresponding -to the direction of the arrow fl and the opposite direction corresponding to the arrow f8.

Two other similar direction selec tor switches 501 and {506 are similarly adapted to be positioned to indicate respectively the rnovcnrents of the saddle or carriage -I and of the nprightfi as shown by arrows jfi, Sand 1'3, [4.

"These four direction switches I509, 508, 59] and 506 thus are supported on axes perpendicular to the face of panel 50;! and respectively are operable for selecting the directions of the movernent of the movable members of the rnachine, that is the table, the headstock on the saddle, the saddle on the upright and the upright on its rt u wh a h -alts depleted he P ne th di cti n eli re ct l are-located. Moreover, the loc a ons of the s (l1 rection selectors on the pater are a rly spaced with respect to each anaemia the-locations on the panel of both the temperanctor505 and-the inemper selector 5] 0 l The selector element or switch 5115 also is provided with an arrow shaped handle and is pivotally supported on an axis perpendicular to the face of the panel 5&8 for rotation to ionr different positions for selecting c eer" the four membersto be moved which have beeninentioned hercinabove. n conventional .positioning? .device allows the switch 595 to be fpositioned in any of the four positions illustrated in Fig. :l.

d wit four .fs ice 52 fc i h srd c rpvi n tches tim l ech pf-w iick l th rollers 516 m V enter under the bias of spring 5| 9. To select a member to be moved the tip of the arrow-shaped handle of said switch 505 is pointed towards the direction switch 509, 506, 508, 501 located on the diagrammatical representation of the movable members, that is, the table, the upright, the headstock and the carriage. On the pictorial representation converging lines 528 are drawn showing more clearly the four positions that may be assumed by the switch handle 505.

The movable member selector or switch 510 also is supported for pivotal movement on an axis perpendicular to the face of panel 500 to four different positions with the arrow-shaped handle thereof pointing to the location of the particular direction selector 506, 501, 505, 509 associated with the depicted movable member to be moved. The part played by said switch and its structure is similar to that of the switch 505, so that this switch 510 may be selectively positioned in the four different positions pointing along the convergent lines 529 which serve the same purpose as lines 528 of the switch 505.

The position of each of the direction controlling switches 509, 508, 501, 506 is completely independent of the position of any of the three others and is also completely independent of the position given to the two movement selecting switches 505 and 5| which, in their turn, are completely independent of one another. Any of these selectors may be operated, therefore, or its position changed regardless of the position occupied by the other to accomplish the desired direction of movement of the desired member to be moved, whether by automatic or manual operation.

In connection with Fig. 1 I have described the switches 506, 501, 508 and 509 as respectively constructed with push buttons 5! I, 5I2, 553 and 5| 4 thereon for control of the unclamping of the member selected to be moved. In connection with the wiring diagram of Figs. '7 to 11 inclusive a modified form of these direction selectors 506, 591, 508, 509 will be described in which the arrow handle thereof itself may be pushed in the direction along the pivotal axis for effecting unclamping.

With either form of direction selector in the above described selecting device it is possible'to pass very easily from "automatic operation to manual operation and from the movement of one member in apredetermined direction to the movement of another member in any desired direction. i

The selection may be executed as a preliminary operation i. e. the choice of the member to be controlled and the choice of the direction in which it is to be moved may be carried. out before starting the machine or else, on the other hand, such selection may be carried out while the machine is already running.

I will now describe the control device having the manually operable element 510 carried by the control box 499 shown in Figs. 1 to 3. This device is illustrated in greater detail in Figs. 4 to 6 inclusive.

With reference first to Fig. 4, this figure is a diagrammatic view of the control device associated with the motor driving only one movable member of the machine-tool.

In this Fig. 4 the rectangle 560 designates in a general manner a part of a face of the control box for controlling a movable member 56! of the machine tool through a suitable drive 562 by an electric motor 563- forming part of a Leonard group illustrated diagrammatically in the draw- (iii ing'in which motor 563 is fed by the generator 56 which is driven through shaft 565 by the motor 566 at constant speed. The field windings 551 of the motor 563 are fed under constant voltage from a direct current supply 568.

The control box 560 carries a rotatable disk 510 of circular shape secured to a spindle 51! adapted to rotate in a suitable bearing supported on box 560. To the disk 510 is secured a pin 512 adapted to come into contact with a stop 513 rigid with the control box 560 for preventing the disk 510 from rotating counterclockwise beyond a predetermined position. A spiral spring 515 one end of which is secured to the control box 550 and the other end to the disk 510 urges the disk, to rotate until the pin 512 engages stop 513.

The disk 510 is provided with two notches 516 and 511 provided at its periphery and arranged in a manner such that when the finger of the operators hand has engaged one of them it may be possible to rotate the disk clockwise until the finger abuts against the surface 519 of the stop 513 or of any other suitably located stop, thus determining the rotational movement of the disk 510 from the position with the pin 512 engaging stop 513 against the spiral spring 515.

A handle 580 is secured to the control box 590 itself in the vicinity of the disk 510 in a position such that when the operator grasps this handle 500- with his hand he may operate the disk 510 with the forefinger ofthe same hand after the manner of the trigger of a revolver.

A cam 582 rigid with the disk 510 cooperates with a roller 503 mounted at the lower end of a follower rod 594 the upper end of which engages the movable contact of an electric switch at 595 inserted in series in an electric circuit including the field windings 586 of the generator 554 and a rheostat shown generally at 501, this circuit being fed from the supply..568.

The rheostat includes a resistance 590 over which may slide a slider 59! also contacting with 'a bar 592 one end of which is connected to the resistance 590 so as to short circuit a greater or less proportion of the'resistance 599 according to the position occupied by the slider 59L The slider 59! is 'operatively connected to the disk 519 through a suitable transmission which may be, for example, a mechanical transmission *of the type illustrated diagrammatically in Fig. 4 and constituted by gearing 593, 594 driving a worm 595 prevented from moving axially by a double thrust bearing 596. On this worm a nut 591 is threaded connected by rod 598 to drive the slider 59! along the rheostat as the nut 591 progresses longitudinally along the axis of the worm 595, the rod 508 being adapted to slide between guide members 599 for preventing any rotation of the nut 591. The gearing element 593 is connected mechanically with the rotary shaft 515 carrying the disk 510 while the gearing element 5% is connected mechanically with the worm 595.

The operation of the arrangement just described is as follows:

supposing the motor 563 and consequently the machine member 55! are at a standstill, i. e. the switch 585 is open and the field winding 586 of the generator 504 is not energized. If it is desired to make the motor 553 rotate at a low speed, the operator grasps the handle 509 and engages his forefinger into the first notch 519 of the disk 5'50 for driving same clockwise with the result that the cam 552 rotates, causing the rais ing of the follower rod 584 which closes the switch apropos 4585. The :field Winding $535 of the generator thereby is connecte'dwith th supply 563 through the-agency of therheostat:581. .If the motor 566 is. rotated so astodrive' therotor of the generator 564, the latter feeds current to the-motor 563 which-starts rotating at a speed corresponding to *the voltage of the-generator, that is; at minimum speedat theslider 591i; still on the extreme left :hand side of the rheostat and consequently short circuits no part of .the resistance "590.

'Ifithe disk 51B is turned further, the simul itaneous rotation ofitheworm 595 moves the slider ttowardsthesright over-theresistance 598. This ntesu-ltsin short circuiting a partof this resistance and consequently increases the energizing currentin the field-windingfiifi of the generator 554. "The voltage of the latter increases and, there fore,zthe speed-of'the motor Sttandof the machine member iifil'driven thereby also increases.

The forefinger of the operator which re- "tates :the disk its soon reaches the stop .surface-519 of the stop 513. Atthis point it is no longer possible to rotate the disk 5'"! any further and the speed "cannot be further increased by using notchiilli. Thus by this arrangement, the machine member '55! may be -moved at a reduced 'speed'even if, for any cause Whatever such as too great a haste or lackof sensitivity, there is exertedon the dish a relatively considerable pressure which otherwise would rotate the disk so far 'rasto exceed the desiredlow speed.

Ontheotherhand, Kit is desired to impart a phighercspeed to 'machine member 55: I the notch :51! can he used instead'of thenotch 5T5. It is apparent that it is possible then to impart to'the disk 556a rotation of'a much' greater amplitude before the'forefinger'ofithe operator abuts against the stop me. During this rotation the worm 5'95 will also :rotate and move the slider '58! "towards the right so as to short-circuit a greater fraction of the resistance tee than with notch ifle. This Will lead to'an increase'in the generator afield and an increase in the speed of the motor sea to-anattained speed greater than was'attained with notch filt.

The maximum possible speed is'obtained when the forefinger of the operator abuts against the stop'fi'ls.

It will be apparent that according to the position oftle notches. d'ifi'and "57-1 on 'thedisk it'is possible to adjustthe extent of these tworanges of speeds. -It may be desirable for instance in "certain cases toprovide for the use ofthe notch to allowthe starting of the motor and maintaining at reduced speed Without increasing this speed as long 'asthe device is operated With the finger notch 576. In such cases it will becof. advantage'to engage the slider 59'! on bar be! before this-"slider engages the resistance 598 itself so that all of the resistance may still be in circuit'when theforefinger of the operator engaging the notch 5TB abuts against the stop 579.

In Figs. 5 and 6 I have illustrated an embodiment of the arrangement hereinabove generally described with reference to Fig. 4.

The same elements are found again such as the disk 51E the handle 580, the stop 519, the cam 58.2, the bias spring 515. The notches 516 and 5?! are replaced by two openings 516, 511 in Fig. '5 so as to prevent the forefinger of the operator from being hindered by the bias spring 5. This "spring is carried inside the disk 575 as shown in Fig. 6. One end of this spring is secured at H303, Fig. .6, to the inner Wall tilt of the control box 552! and its other end engages at 565 1 a member 6516 l'lgid with lthe =disk =5 T0.

The disk is rigidly secured "to its spindle 5H rotating inside abearing tfi'! carried by'theinne'r Walhfifi of the control box 559. This spindle 5H is connected with the arrangement for varying the speed or the controlled member through any suitable transmission means an example of which has been given with reference to Fig.4.

The can1' 582 actson a roller-583 carriecl'by a lever 608 pivotallysecured at 609 to the control box'and cooperatingwith the rodiilfl of an'electric switch illustrated merely by its casing til fastened to the wall of the control box.

Aspring 6 i2 provides for maintaining contact h betweenthe roller 583 andthe'cam'582.

In theembodiment of Figs. 5, 6 the rigidstop 5530f Fig. 4 has been replaced by a resilient stop 'constitutedby'a block-SIB secured to the control box wall and carryinga pm .61 4 s'lidable therein urged upwardly .inJFig. 5 by a spring '615 acting against the head of pin M4. The stroke-of this pin 614 is limited-by a nut t l 5 screwed 'on'the ower end of the pin. The arm of member 506 to'which' issecuredzone end of the spring'5l5 and which is rigidwith'the disk 51!] abuts against the pin fil at the end of the return movementof the when it has been released by the finger.

Itis obvious that the disk 510 instead of including only two notchesor openings fi'lfian'd '51! may include more than two if it is desired to select more than two ranges :of speed.

Having described the-different elements of the pendant control boxbshown in Figs. 1 to '6 inclusive, I Willnow describe the operation of the control 99 with reference to the wiring'dia gram of T to 11 inclusive which shows the electrical circuits connecting the several elements together and with the feed'motors H5, H6, H1,

H8 and. 'withthe clamping'motors 29l, 292, 293, 294 of the movable members of a machine tool such asa bor-in'ga'nd milling machine.

In Fig. *7 :the four feed motors are energized through a Leonard group which is controlled by the rheostat 190, Fig. '8.

it should also beobserved that the motor'5B3 of Fig. 4 is any one among these four feed motors 5,116,111, Il8"andithatth'egenerator 554 and the driving'mo'tor 56E represent respectively the generator 120 and the drivingmctor l is in Figs.

[7 and 8.

The motors providing for shifting the'uprigh't '6, carriage Lhea'dstock 8 and'table 9 of the machine which are indicated by the reference numbers I 15, H6, I H and 1 l8 respectively have their :7 armature windings connected in parallel to the armature of the generator 120 through the double pole contacts 135, I35, 131, I38 respectivelyof relays I36, PM, [32,133.

The rotational direction of these motors l :5, H6, H1, H8 is controlled by direction selecting switches 506, 501, 508, 509 respectively, as de- 42l carrying three contact arms 626, E25, 53 i cooperating lwithithree sets of studs 62!, 622, 625i, 624 forwthe-arm 620,;626, 621, 528 629 ior'thearm e25. 631. e32, e33, .634 for the arm 650.- The foiii studs of each set are positioned so as to be engaged by the respective arms when the member selector 505 is respectively set to select the member to be moved. The switch or selector I0 is provided witha shaft 422 carrying two contact arms 635 and 649 cooperating with two sets of studs 636, 631, 638, 639 for the arm 635 and 64!, 642, 643, 644 for the arm 640.

The speed of the motors H5, H6, H1, H8 is adjusted by means of the rheostat I90 having three sliders I9I, I93 and I92. The slider I9I is adapted for controlling the feed speeds through the manual control disk 510, slider I93 for adjusting the so-called working feed speed and slider I92 for the so-called engagement speed feed.

, The rheostat I90 is arranged in the energizing circuit of the field winding I23 of the generator I20 from the exciter armature I2I through a circuit comprising for the rotational direction called forward direction? field winding I23, contact I63 of forward direction relay I60, armature winding of exciter I2I, contact I62 of relay I60, wire 650, rheostat I90 and wire 65I again to field winding I23. For the reverse rotational direction the circuit comprises field winding I23, contact I61 of reverse relay I65, armature winding of.

exciter I 2| contact I68 of relay I65, wire 650, rheostat I90, wire 65I again to the field winding I23.

In this second circuit the excitation current of the generator I20 is caused to flow in the reverse direction with respect to the first circuit. The generator armature current is thus reversed and the motors H5, H6, H1, H8 energized from this To set up the engagement speed, slider I32 is put into operation, that is, that portion of the rheostat I90 which is located at the right of the slider I 92 in Fig. 8 is short circuited when contact 14 of relay H is closed upon energizing relay 1|.

The working speed is obtained by connecttained when the control disk 510 is used through positioning according to the position of the disk- 510 the slider I9I on rheostat I90, this slider being connectedin circuit when contact 2I I of relay 2 l 0' is closed upon energization of relay 2I.0.

The adjustment of the respective positions of the sliders on the rheostat may be remotely controlled through telerotators or receiver motors 200, 205, 202, e. g. ofthe Selsyn synchronously,

controlled type. Thus the manually controlled slider I9I is actuated by rotating the screw I94 driven by the receiver 200 connected by wires 653 to the transmitter 20I on the shaft 51I on which 76 controldis k 510 is fastened. Movement of slider I93 takes place through rotating the screw I96 driven by the receiver 205 connected through wires 655 to the transmitter 206 on the shaft of which is fastened the operating knob III. On this shaft also is mounted the graduated drum 209 for directly indicating the selected workingspeed as described in connection with Figs. 1 to 3. Slider I92 is adjusted by means of the screw I rotationally driven by the receiver 202 connected through wires 651 to the transmitter 203 on the shaft of which is fastened the operating knob H0. The graduated drum 208 also is mounted on this shaft and shows directly the corresponding engagement speed as described in connection with Figs. 1 to 3.

The automatic operation at minimuil speed, engagement speed, working speed, fast speed and quick return speed is accomplished by actuating the lever 520 pivotally connected to the vertical shaft 530, Fig. 10. This lever may be moved in the grid 531 shown in dotted lines in Fig. 10 in two directions, namely, horizontally in the slot 538 about the vertical axis of shaft 530 and vertically about the pivotal axis 53I when the lever is so positioned as to register with one of the notches designated by Vm, E, W, Q and R which correspond to the above mentioned feed speeds respectively. The operation of this device is described in my application Serial No. 207,741, filed January 25, 1951.

The control member for manually controlling the feed motion is the disk 510 which, as indicated hereinabove, is mounted on the shaft 51I of transmitter Zfll for adjusting the position of slider I9I on rheostat I90. The shaft 51I also is'connected with the cam 562, Fig. 10, adapted to operate switches 510, 6, 612, 613 and 614. This earn 562 is shown in the position corre sponding to the neutral position of the disk 510 in which the front contacts 610, 61! and 612 are opened while the back contacts 613 and 614 are closed. The contacts 610, 61! are carried by cam follower 615 engaged on notch 616. Contacts 612, 613, 614 arecarried by cam follower s21 engaged on notch 618. Immediately after the disk has been moved from its neutral position so' that cam followers 615, 421 are forced outwardly by the cam 582 the front contacts 610, 6', 612 which were open will be closed and back contacts 613, 614, will be opened.

The contactors I30, I3l, I32 and I33 for the four feed motors are connected respectively to the contact studs 622i, 622, 623, 624 for contact arm 620 of the member selector 505 (automatic operation) by means of wires 616 and 611 and respectively to the contact studs 64!, 642, 643, 644 of the contact arm 640 of the member selector 5I0 (manually controlled operation) through the wires 616 and 616.

One terminal of each of these relays is directly connected to the phase B of the three-phase supply and the other terminal thereof is conneoted as stated in the preceding paragraph to the respective contact studs of the contact arms 620, 640 respectively of the two member selectors and thence through a circuit comprising the wire B19 and contact 613 for selector 505 and wire 636 and contact 612 for selector 5I0 both returning through the wire Gal to phase T of the supply.

The input terminals of the relays I60, I65 controlling the rotation of the motors H5, H6, H1, H8 respectively in the forward or reverse direction are directly connected to the phase R-of the supply while their output terminals are conheated-respectively through wires 682 and 603 11 to the direction selectors 505, 553, 555 and 539 and through circuits which presently will described in the description of the operational sequence.

Each member of the machine, when no feed motion is imparted thereto, must be firmly clamped on its supporting member. For each of the four members above referred to, the clamping actions are respectively controlled by the motors 29!, 292, 293 and 294 (Fig. 11) which are fed from the three-phase supply EST and controlled by means of forward and reverse relays permitting these motors to rotate in both directions. These relays are controlled by corresponding clamping buttons SI, 92, Q and 94 and by unclampingf contacts ll, 42, 43 and 44-, these unclamping contacts being operated by the end thrust exerted on the corresponding direction selectors 585, 55?, 558 and 509, Fig. 9.

The pilot lamps 34L 342, 343'and 354 are those which respectively illuminate the translucent rings correspondingly numbered on the front portion of the control cox, Fig. 1, at the right side thereof; each pilot lamp being positioned level with the direction selector located to be associated with the member the clamping of which is indicated by the lamp.

'The hereinabove describedcontrol box operates as follows: I

.When the'machine is in its inoperative condition, the control disk "515 is in its inoperative position so that'the contacts 615, 5 and 812 are open'while the contacts W3 and 614 are closed.

The member selectors 505 and 5H2! as well as the direction selectors 505,, 501, 508, 509 may have been left in any position. The automatic operation speed selecting lever 525 may have been left positioned so as to register with any of the notches Vm; E, W, Q or R. Ordinarily all the movable members will have remained clamped except the member involved in the last operation of the machine, for instance, the table El.

It will be assumed that the operation to be carried out next is to move the headstock 8 to ward the right on' the carriage I through a manually controlled feed movement. The movement selector 5H). is rotated ;to the position in which the arrow-shaped handle of this selector will, be directed toward the direction selector located on the pictorial [representation of the headstockfi, Figs. land 9. The direction selector 558 is rotated so as to directflthe arrow head formed by its handle to the right whichjs the desired direction of movement of the headstock 8. This selector handle 558 then is pressed aid ally to closethe headstock unclampingrcontact. 45, thus causing relay 315 to be energized and hence the closing of its contacts 3I5, 3H,, 3H5

motor 283 in the unclamping rotational direction; the nut 332; will be movedtowardthe left,

Fig. 11, and when the member is unclam ped it willopen the switch 335 which is inthe holding circuit with contact (H5, thus cuttingthe hold- The ing circuit of contactor (H5 and stoppingthe motor.

The control panel is then checked to ascertain whether all other movable members are suitably clamped. Thus, in the case contemplated, then operator will depress the buttonf94 to effect clamping of the table 9. Pressing of button 94, effects the clamping of thevtablewhich was pre} I60 and the reversemo'vement relay I65.v

i2 viously unclampgd and will cause relay 100. to be. energized through the closed contact 120, The. energization oi relay. 1.00 will then close the. CD11.

'tacts 'IIH, I02, 103, 1.0.4. The closing of contact lfll will, maintain theholding circuit of relay 1.00. after the push button. 94 has been released. Upon closing of the contacts 102, I03, I04 the motor 254. will be energized for. the reverse rotary direction to produce movement towards the right in Fig. 11 of nut 122. In this movement this motor will therefore causethe table 9 to be clamped and on. reaching the endv of itsmovement, the nut nzwiu open the limit switch I20, thus deenergizing. the relay I00 and stopping the motor 294 while.con-. comitantly closing, the. contact l2l. which will switch on the pilot lamp 344 thereby indicating that the table Sis suitably clamped. Similarly, pressing buttons 9| and'92 will clamp the column B- and the carriage I.

The operation of selector. Bill to point its are row toward the direction selector. 558 willv connect the corresponding. feed motor II! for the. headstock 8 to the terminals of the generator I20v upon closing contacts I31 when relay I32 con-.

' trolling the connectionof motorlll is energized.

Relay I32 is connected. on the one hand, to the.- R phase. of; the .supply and, on theother hand, to the T phase thereof through the.circuit. com-. prising the respective. wire 616, corresponding. wire 518, contact stud 643, brush contact 6450f} member selector 5H), wire G80, contact 612 of the manual operation device, wire EM and phase. T.

The setting of. the direction selector 508 pointing toward the right Fig. 9 bringsthe brush contacts I30 and I35 respectively. into engagement with the contacts'tucls 131. and 136. Thesebrush contacts and I35 in cooperation with the.con-. tact studs 'I3I, (32.and135, 13! control the.circuits respectively to .the forward movementrelay Aswill be understood from the descriptionv of the circuits to follow, these brush contacts .130.and 135..a'r'e connected in circuit .I'withthe brush contacts 635 and 6400f the member selector..5lll..for conditioning the circuit for movement of the selected member in the selected direction,

However, the motor II'I cannot start yetv because the generator I20 driven by the threephase motor I I9 willcarry no load since its field Wind ing I23 is not yet connected to the exciter I, both relays IBOand being stillv deener'gized.

If it'isdesire'd tofee'd th'e headstock Biwhich is now conditioned? for movement toward.. the right,'the'manual control disk 510 is movedfrom its" initial position and the .cam.582-c1oses the contacts 5'"); 6H,- 612.while opening the con-.' tacts 613, 614. The opening offthe'contact .514 will immediately lock the automatic operation speed control byopening the circuit throughithel starting contact 549 lactuated by the lever 520,. while the opening'of".the' contact'5l3 will similarly lock the automatic. operation member so.- lection by opening the circuit through the brush 620 of selector 505.. This:.member selectionas already stated will take. place for manual? operation with'the. selectors 51.0 .and..5ll8 in the po-. sitions shown inFig. 9 through. the.contact 512 closed upon moving the disk MIL-wire EBILbrush. 640 or manual operation imember, selector. 5 l 0:, stud 643 of thisselector, .correspondins. wires 611i H andfilfito relay; I32 and,,then,ce to the phase R ofithe supply.

he os naoiihe cont ct 610 conn ct '..91?-- at n, h fmanua ft q im l rfi l 13 energized through the circuit comprising phase T of the supply, wire 68L contact 610, wire 699. relay 2H1, phase R. of the supply.

Closing the contact 6 will secure the direction selection, that is, the energization of the forward direction relay lfifl through a circuit from phase T of the supply, wire 68l, closed contact 670, closed contact 67!, brush 635 of the member selector 5H1, contact stud 638, wire 14!, brush "I30 of the direction selector 508, stud 131 of this selector, wire 6132, forward direction relay I66 and phase R of the supply.

From the preceding explanations it will be seen that the output of the exciter 2| is directed into the field winding 123 of the generator, but as motor H7 is already connected to the generator, as explained at the beginning of the descrip-= tion, it will start since its field winding I34 is steadily energized with a current derived from the exciter In as shown in Figs. 7 and 8. Therefore, the motor II! will attain a speed which is in accordance with the position of the slider i9! controlling the feed under manual control and will move the headstock 8 at this speed which may be varied by movement of the slider l9l effected by the receiver 200 connected through wires 653 to transmitter 20! upon the shaft of which the control disk 510 is fastened. The selected member is set in motion at the minimum speed as soon as the disk 570 is rotated away from its initial position and thereafter the more this disk is rotated by continued pressure of the fingerthe greater the speed which will be at-- tained until the whole of the rheostat 190 is short circuited which produces maximum speed of the driving motor.

For moving any other movable member of the machine the member selector 5| is rotated so as to point toward the depicted member desired to be moved, that is, toward the direction selector associated with such member and this direction selector is set according to the desired direction of movement of the selected member. Before starting movement, however, the headstock 8 which was unclamped for movement is clamped by pressing push button 93 and the member which it is now desired to move is unclamped by pressing the direction selector associated with the depicted selected member.

In the automatic control, the selection of the member to be moved and the selection of the di rection of this movement are carried out in the same way as abovedescribed except that member selector 505 is actuated instead of member selector H3.

.The speed control for automatic operation, however, is diiierent since, instead of having the manually controlled disk for adjusting the speed, a 5-position feed lever 520 is provided adapted to be moved upwards and downwards at the selected position respectively to start and stop the member concerned.

It will be understood that the clamping and unclamping of the various members take place in the same manner as for manual control.

,I will now describe more completely the mutual arrangement of the different elements contained in 'the control box and already described per se hereinabove. To this end, I refer now more particularly to Figs. 12 and 13. The control device for selecting the speeds shown in section in Fig. 12 is similar to the device shown diagrammatically on Fig. and the same references have been adopted for similar members.

Beside this control device, on the left hand able station casing shows the knob side is mounted the lighting device 56 with its switch 5'. (Fig. 12). The manual control devices 5'10, located at the right hand bottom part in Fig. 12, is similar to that described with reference to Figs. 4 to 6, the similar members being designated by the same reference members in Figs. 12-13 and 4-6. However a flat spiral spring 435 (Fig. 12) is substituted for the wire helical spring 575 of Figs. 5 and 6 and the resilient stop 6hof Fig. 5 is replaced by a rigid one 236 (Fig. 12) which in the resting position of disc 51!] is in engagement with a part 431 which carries a stud 439 operatively connected to one end of sprin 335 the other end of which is attached to a stud 435 secured to the casing 499 of the control box. As may be readily seen in Fig. 12, the shaft 5' of disc 570 is directly coupled to the transmitter 28 i.

In the middle of Fig. 12, the reference nummers t2! and 122 apply to the shaft of movement selectors 595 and 5H? respectively, whereas numerals 323, 42 1, 25 and 426 designate the shafts of direction selectors 566, 507, 508, 509 respectively as stated with reference to Fig, 1. Be-

' sides these selectors, on the right hand side may be seen the signal lamps 34], 342, 343, 345 also already mentioned with reference to Fig. 1. These lamps are arranged in a special casing I, with screens 442 between the lamps. The exterior plate of said casing is provided with holes 443 for cooling purposes. This exterior plate is removable and is secured to the casing 499, by means of screws 44d.

The top of the right hand side wall of the port.-

Ill rigid with drum we and whose shaft 440 is directly coupled to transmitter 296 for adjusting the working feed previously mentioned.

This application is a divisional application from the application Serial No. 19,454 filed April 7, 194.8, which Was itself a continuation in part of the applications Serial No. 691,362 filed August 17, 1946, and Serial No. 780,670 filed October 18, 1947.

What I claim is:

-1. In a controller for controlling the speed or operation of a machine, the combination with a speed control device capable of being connected to said machine and having a control member movable to different successive positions for determining for each position a different speed of said machine, of a support, a control part provided with at least one opening to receive a finger of the hand and supported by said support for movement thereof relative to said support to move said opening to different successive positions along a predetermined path, said control part being operatively connected to said control member to move said member to different successive positions concomitantly with said movement of said control part to its different successive positions to determine different speeds of operation of the machine by the position of the finger in said opening along said path, and a stop supported by said support adjacent the path of movement of said opening and adapted to be engaged by said finger of the hand to stop said control part with said opening in a predetermined position along said path corresponding to a predetermined speed of the machine.

2. In a controller for controlling the speed of operation of a machine, the combination as defined in claim 1 in which said control part is supported for said movement thereof from and for return to an inoperative position, which comaewgcsn prises i bias means 1 operatively connected 1 to. said...

control? part for. urging said control part toward saidiinoperativeposition thereof, and an abutment carried by said support, said. control part having a portion adapted to. engage said abutment for determining said inoperative position.

3; In a. controller for controlling thespeed of.

the operation of a machine, the combinationwith a speed control device capable of being connected to; said machine and having a control member movable. to different. successive positions for y de:

termining for each position a different: speed of;

thereof toan initial position said control part being operative y connected to said control memher to move said member to different successive.

positions concomitantly with said movementof said: control. part toits different successive positions todetermine difierentspeeds of operation .of the machine by the position of the finger in said opening along. said. path, bias means operatively connected to. said control part for urging said control part toward said. inoperative position thereof, an abutment carried by said support, saidvcontrol part having. a portion adapted to engage said abutment for determining said inoperative position, an auxiliary element supported'by. Saidabutment, for movement relative to saidabutment. upon engagement of said. portionof said control. part. with said auxiliaryv element inasaid inoperative position of said control part, and a second bias meanscooperating with said auxiliary. element to provide for yielding movement of. said auxiliary element upon such engagement under the impelling force of said first bias: means and capable of resisting said, force to restore said control part to said inoperative position thereof.

4. In a controller for controlling the speed oi the operation of a machine, the combination with a speed control devicecapable of being con.-

nected. to said machine and. having a control member. movable to different successive-positions. for determining for eachposition a difierent l speedof said machine, of a support, and a controlpart provided with at. least two. openings each adapted to receive a fingeroi the hand, said controlcpart being supported bysaidsupport for movement. thereof relative to said supportv to...

move said openings in succession to different sue ce'ssive'positions along a predetermined path, said openings being disposed on said control. part in spaced relation along said path and so asrespectively to be movable by said finger inserted thereintoa predetermined position in said path and to'be returned to positions corresponding to.

aninitialpositionof said control part, saidcontrolpart beinaoperatively connected to said control member toimove saidmember to different successive. positions concomitantly with said movement. of. said. control. part to its. difierentsuccessive; positions to determine. at least. two

1 difierentl operating speeds of saidmachine and: at least tvvodiiferent'ranges of speedzcorresponding to the movementsbf the finger in said two openings. to :said-i predetermined position.

5. In a controller for: controlling the speed of operationiof. a machine, the combination asdeefined.-in.claim..4 whichcomprises a stopsupporte ed: by said supportadjacent. the path of move:- ment: of. said openings and adapted to beengagedi. by: said finger. of said "hand: to: stop. said. control 1 part with the; respective. openings in: said .predeetermined position alonggsaid path.according said finger is; inserted. in. one: openingor." the other...

6. In.--a,.controller for controlling the speed of? operation of: amachine, the=combination with-ea.

speed control device capableof being connected to. said machine and having a control. member" movable to difierentsuccessive positions. forl'dee termining for eachposition' a different. speedofsaid machine, of. a; support, a: control .part: pro

vided-with. at least .one opening to receiveaz finger: of the hand. and supported by said: support for.

rotational movementithereor relativeto said sungport to move. saidopening to. different? successive;

positions. along. a circular arc, saidv control part.

being operatively.connectedto saidxcontrol memiber.;to move said memberito different. successive positions concomitantly with said movement of said. controlpart to its.difierentisuccessive;posiwtions to determine difierentspeeds: ofoperatiorr of: the machine-by the. position'of the. fing.er in" said opening along saidtarc and astop supporte ed by. said support adj acenti' the arciof: movements of said openingand adapted to beenga ed by said; finger of the hand inserted in. said-opening; to. stop said control part with. said. openingdnza predetermined position along. said path corresponding to a predetermined. speed of. the. machine.

'7. In a controller. foracontrolling. the-speedmfi operation of: a machine, the combination as-dee fined in claim: L which comprisesa bar'rsupported: by'said support substantially in a plane parallel. to said path and perpendicular to said insertedfinger, said car. being. adjacent the position. 01.

the handwhen the finger. thereof is insertedin.

said opening ofsaid control partto receive the bearing of. the. body or the. hand. held: there-.- against incontrolling the movement .ofsaid control part by said finger.

ReferencesCited in the-fileof thispatent UNITED STAT-F8 PATENTS" Number Name Date 865,818 Powell Sept.'.1'0, 1907 991,206 Horton r- May 2'; 1911 1,092,281" McWilliams Apr. 7; 1914" ,391,418 Reed Oct; 21, 1919" l; i82',858 Nigh et a1. Feb'. 5, 1924 1,618,790 Watson Eeb: 22,]192'7'" 1,838,289 Smith Dec; 29; 1931 1,8(i1,5'11v Russell Junefl, 932 1',969;9.26" Eickhofl Aug; 14, 1934 2,365,359 Rubens Dec." 19,.1944" 2,522,779 culkosky Sept; 19, 1950 2,543,965. Hamilton Mar: 6, 195 

